【英语语法解析大全】不定代词：each vs. every；深度辨析，一文掌握！

在英语中，each 和 every 看似相似，实则有着微妙的语法差异和不同的使用场景。准确掌握它们，是提升英语表达精确性的关键一步。

一、核心含义与侧重点

虽然两者都表示“每一个”，但它们的侧重点截然不同：

理解了这个根本区别，我们就能更好地分辨在何种语境下该使用哪个词。

二、语法用法深度对比

1. 词性功能

2. 适用数量范围

each 可以用于两者或两者以上的群体，而 every 通常只用于三者或三者以上的群体。

• ✅ Each of my two hands is clean. (两只手，用each正确)
• ❌ Every one of my two hands is clean. (两只手，用every不自然)
• ✅ Each/Every student in the class of 30 passed the exam. (三十个人，两者皆可)

3. 固定搭配与短语

一些固定搭配是绝对不能互换的，这是学习的重点。

三、实战场景与例句精讲

让我们通过大量例句来固化理解，看看在真实语境中如何选择。

场景1：强调个体 vs. 强调整体

• Each person in this room has a different story. (强调每个人的故事都是独特的，侧重个体差异。)
• Every person in this country has the right to vote. (强调所有人作为一个整体都拥有权利，侧重整体共性。)

场景2：小范围（两者） vs. 大范围（三者及以上）

• There are trees on each side of the river. (河有两边，用each最合适。)
• Every room in the hotel has a sea view. (酒店有许多房间，用every。)

场景3：分配与指向

• The teacher handed out the papers to each student. (老师把试卷分发给每一个学生，强调逐一发放的动作。)
• Every student must hand in their homework by Friday. (所有学生必须在周五前交作业，强调无一例外的规定。)

总结规律：当你脑海中浮现的是一个个独立的个体时，用 each；当你想到的是“全部”、“所有”这个概念时，用 every。

四、常见错误与疑难解答

即使理解了规则，在实际使用中仍会犯错。以下是一些高频错误点：

错误1： 用 every 指代两者。

• ❌ He held a gun in every hand. (人有两只手，不能用every)
• ✅ He held a gun in each hand. (正确)

错误2： 将 every 单独作代词使用。

• ❌ I have five books, and every is interesting. (every不能单独作主语)
• ✅ I have five books, and each one is interesting. (正确，用each one或every one)
• ✅ I have five books, and every one is interesting. (正确)

疑难： “Each of us...” 和 “Every one of us...” 后面的动词用单数还是复数？

答案是永远用单数。因为它们强调的是单个个体。

• ✅ Each of us is responsible for his own actions. (正确)
• ✅ Every one of us is going to the party. (正确)

五、终极测试：检验你的学习成果

选择正确的词填空：

1. ______ time I see you, you look happier. (Each / Every)
2. She kissed ______ child goodnight. (each / every)
3. ______ of the answers is correct. (Each / Every)
4. ______ student must have their ID card. (Each / Every)
5. There is a bathroom on ______ floor of the building. (each / every)

掌握了 each 和 every 的细微差别，你的英语表达将更加精准和地道。多加练习，它就会成为你的本能。